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Institute of World Culture
Global Anniversaries, Observances and Acknowledgements
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One of the aims of the Institute of World Culture is "to honour through appropriate observance the contributions of men and women of all ages to world culture." This calendar offers just a taste of the rich diversity of those contributions. We attempt to substantiate the dates but dates can vary depending on the calendar in use when the date was determined or if the date is based on the Julian or Gregorian calendar. Certain dates are the best estimate of scholars as the original dates are lost to history. The intention of this calendar is to show the great diversity and excellence in the contributions of men and women of world culture and in this case the dates are secondary. You can click on a particular month, listed in the column on the left, or scroll down to see listings for the entire year. This calendar is a work in progress so please let us know if you have contributions or corrections by contacting donna@worldculture.org
"Be an opener of doors for such as come after thee." – Ralph Waldo Emerson
“The reasonable man adapts himself to the world; the unreasonable one persists in trying to adapt the world to himself. Therefore all progress depends on the unreasonable man.” – George Bernard Shaw |
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Undated |
January Anniversaries |
January Observances and Acknowledgements |
3rd Cicero, Roman statesman, constitutionalist, orator b.106 B.C.E.
3rd Clement Attlee, British Prime Minister from 1945-1951 b.1883
4th Isaac Newton, English physicist, mathematician (quote) b. 1643
4th Louis Braille, French inventor, teacher of the blind (quote) b.1809
5th George Washington Carver, African-American inventor, scientist,
educator (quote) d.1943
6th Joan of Arc, French heroine, Catholic saint b.1412
6th Kahlil Gibran, Lebanese-American artist, poet, writer b.1883
7th Charles Peguy, French poet, essayist, philosopher b.1873
8th Stephen Hawking, British theoretical physicist, cosmologist b. 1942
9th Marco Polo, Italian trader, explorer d.1324
11th William James, American philosopher, psychologist b.1842
12th Edmund Burke, Irish statesman, author (quote) b.1729
14th Albert Schweitzer, German physician, Nobel laureate b.1875
15th Moliére, French playwright, actor b.1622
15th Martin Luther King, Jr., African-American civil rights leader b.1929
17th Benjamin Franklin, American printer, statesman b.1706
17th Anton Chekhov, Russian playwright, author, doctor b.1860
18th Baron de Montesquieu, Charles-Louis de Secondat, French
political philosopher (quotes) b.1689
18th Louis Claude de Saint-Martin, French philosopher, mystic b.1743
19th James Watt, Scottish inventor, engineer b.1736
19th Edgar Allan Poe, American poet, writer, editor b.1809
20th André-Marie Ampére, French physicist, mathematician b.1775
22nd Francis Bacon, English philosopher, statesman, author b.1561
22nd George Gordon, Lord Byron, British poet b.1788
23rd David Hilbert, German mathematician b.1862
25th Robert Boyle, Irish-born chemist, inventor b.1627
25th Robert Burns, Scottish poet b.1759
27th Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Austrian composer b.1756
27th Lewis Carroll (Charles Dodgson), English author b.1832
29th Thomas Paine, British pamphleteer, revolutionary, inventor b.1737
29th Romain Rolland, French dramatist, Nobel laureate b.1866
30th Franklin D. Roosevelt, American 32nd U.S. President b.1882
30th Mohandas K. Gandhi, Indian political and spiritual leader d.1948
31st Franz Schubert, Austrian composer b.1797
31st Anna Pavlova, Russian prima ballerina b.1881 (Feb 12, New Style)
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1st New Year's Day observed in the U.S.
1st Ancient Druid Mistletoe Festival
1st Gantan-sai, Shinto New Year observed
1st Ceres, smallest identified dwarf planet in the Solar System, discovered
by Giuseppe Piazzi in 1801
1st Emancipation Proclamation of 1863 committed the U.S. to ending slavery
5th Twelfth Night, a Christian holiday concluding the Twelve Days of Christmas
6th Epiphany (Dia de los Reyes Mago) honors the three wise men who attended the
birth of Jesus and announced the birth to the world
6th First Bulgarian Gypsy (Roma) Congress held in Sofia in 1906
7th Christmas celebrated in the Coptic community and Orthodox churches
7th Three of Jupiter's moons first observed by Galileo in 1610
10th Thomas Paine's Common Sense published in 1776
10th Julius Caesar crossed the Rubicon in 49 B.C.E. starting a civil war that
led to the transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire
10th League of Nations founded in Geneva, Switzerland in 1920 to preserve
international peace
10th Reforms made in 1840 to the original Penny-Post established in London in 1680
10th Caesar crossed the Rubcon River in 49 BCE
15th First observation of artificial radioactivity by Frédéric and Iréne Joliot-Curie mid-January 1934
16th (2022) World Religion Day observation initiated in 1950 by the Bahá'is of the U.S.
17th (2022) Martin Luther King, Jr. Day observed in the U.S.
18th (2022) Mahayana Buddhist New Year, first full moon day in January
26th Niels Bohr announced the splitting of the Uranium atom in 1939
26th Republic Day of India marks the adoption of the Indian Constitution in 1950
27th British government formally abolished the death penalty in the U.K. in 1999
29th First boat specialized as a lifeboat was tested on the River Tyne in England in 1790
29th Edict of Tolerance in 1562, an edict of limited toleration which sought
to end persecution of non-Catholics in France, was registered in France
Day unknown:
• Caesar crossed the Rubicon River in 49 BCE
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February Anniversaries |
February Observances and Acknowledgements |
3rd Felix Mendelssohn, German musician, composer b.1809
3rd Horace Greeley, American editor, reformer, politician b.1811
4th Rosa Parks, African-American civil rights activist b.1913
7th Sir Thomas More, English lawyer, author, statesman b.1478
7th Charles Dickens, English novelist, social campaigner b.1812
7th/8th Dmitri Mendeleev, Russian chemist, inventor b.1834
8th Proclus, Greek Neoplatonist philosopher b.410/412
8th John Ruskin, English art critic, author, artist b.1819
8th Martin Buber, Austrian-Israeli philosopher, educator b.1878
8th Peter Kropotkin, Russian prince, anarchist d.1921
10th Boris Pasternak, Russian poet, writer, Nobel laureate b.1890
10th Bertolt Brecht, German poet, playwright, theatre director b.1898
11th Thomas Alva Edison, American inventor, businessman b.1847
12th Abraham Lincoln, American 16th President of the U.S. b.1809
12th Charles Darwin, English naturalist (quote) b.1809
15th Galileo Galilei, Italian scientist, philosopher b.1564
15th Susan B. Anthony, American civil rights leader b.1820
16th Christopher Marlowe b.1564
17th Giordano Bruno, Italian philosopher d.1600 (b.1548, date unknown)
18th Lord Krishna d. 3102 B.C.E.
18th Niccoló Paganini d.1782
18th Shri Ramakrishna, Indian mystic b.1836
19th Nicolaus Copernicus, Polish astronomer, scientist b.1473
21st Voltaire, French writer, philosopher b.1694
20th Frederick Douglass, African-American abolitionist, author d.1895
22nd George Washington, American 1st President of the U.S. b.1732
22nd Arthur Schopenhauer, German philosopher b.1788
22nd Frederic Chopin, Polish composer and pianist b.1810
22nd Heinrich Hertz, German physicist b.1857
23rd George Frederick Handel, German, later British composer b.1685
24th Giovanni Pico della Mirandola, Italian philosopher b.1463
25th Auguste Renoir, French impressionist painter b.1841
26th Christopher Marlowe, English playwright, poet baptised Feb 26th,1564
26th Victor Hugo, French author, artist, statesman, activist b.1802
27th Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, American educator, poet b.1807
28th Michel de Montaigne, French writer b.1533
28th Vaslav Nijinski, Russian ballet dancer, choreographer b.1890 |
1st President Abraham Lincoln signed the 13th Amendment to the US Constitution
abolishing slavery in1865
1st (2022) Chinese New Year (Confucian, Daoist, Buddhist;, Year of the Tiger
5th (2022) Basant/Vasant Panchami, Hindus, Sikhs, Sufis mark the beginning of spring
14th Valentine's Day, celebrated in the U.S
15th (2022) Chinese Lantern Festival marks the last day of the Chinese New Year
18th John Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress published in 1678
18th Discovery of the planet Pluto by Clyde W. Tombaugh in 1930
19th Emancipation Manifesto legally granted full rights of citizenship to Russian serfs in 1861
20th John H. Glenn orbits the earth three times in 1962
21st (2022) Presidents' Day celebrated in the U.S.
28th Celebrates the Kalevala, the Finish National Epic poem published in 1835
28th (2022) Maha Shivaratri (Vigil Night of Shiva) celebrated in India
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March Anniversaries |
March Observances and Acknowledgements |
2nd Mikhail Gorbachev, Russian and Soviet politician, eight and last leader of the Soviet Union. Born: 3/2/1931, Died: 8/30/22.
3rd Georg Cantor, German mathematician b.1845
3rd Alexander Graham Bell, Scottish scientist, inventor b.1847 (quote)
4th Antonio Vivaldi, Italian composer, priest, violinist b.1678
6th Michelangelo Buonarroti, Italian painter, sculptor b.1475
6th Elizabeth Barrett Browning, English poet b.1806
7th Piet Mondrian, Dutch painter b.1872
7th Maurice Ravel, French composer b.1875
8th Oliver Wendell Holmes, American jurist, U.S. Supreme
Court Justice b.1841
8th Hypatia, Hellenistic Neoplatonist, astronomer, mathematician d. 415
12th George Berkeley, Irish philosopher, metaphysician b.1685
14th Johann Strauss, Austrian composer b.1804
14th Albert Einstein, German-born theoretical physicist b.1879
15th Julius Caesar, Roman political leader d.44 B.C.E.
16th René Daumal, French writer, philosopher, poet b.1908 (quote)
18th Stéphane Mallarmé, French poet, critic b.1842
18th Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, Russian composer b.1844
19th David Livingstone, Scottish explorer, medical missionary b.1813
20th Ovid (Publius Ovidius Naso), Roman poet b.43 B.C.E.
20th Henrik Ibsen, Norwegian playwright b.1828
21st Johann Sebastian Bach, German composer b.1685
23rd Pierre-Simon, Marquis de Laplace, French astronomer,
mathematician b.1749
23rd Emmy Noether, German Jewish mathematician b.1882
24th John Wesley Powell, American explorer, geologist,U.S. soldier,
professor and founder of National Geographic b.1834; d.September 23, 1902
24th Dorothy Irene Height, American educator, civil and women's rights activist
b. 1912
24th William Morris, English designer, artist, b.1834
25th Béla Viktor János Bartók, Hungarian composer and pianist b.1881
25th Ishi, last member of the California Yana Indian tribe d. 1916
26th Edward Bellamy, American author b.1850
26th Joseph John Campbell, American mythologist, writer, lecturer b.1874
26th Robert Frost, American poet b.1874
27th Wilhelm Konrad Roentgen, German physicist b.1845
28th Teresa of Avila, Spanish mystic, Carmelite nun b.1515
30th Maimonides (Moses ben Maimon), Spanish rabbi, physician,
philosopher b.1135
30th Francisco de Goya, Spanish painter, printmaker b.1746
30th Vincent van Gogh, Dutch Post-Impressionist artist b.1853
31st Johann Sebastian Bach, German composer, organist b.1685
31st René Descartes, French philosopher, mathematician b.1596
31st Franz Joseph Haydn, Austrian composer b.1732
31st César Chávez, Mexican-American farm worker, labor leader,
civil rights activist b.1927
Pocahantas, Native American Powhatan princess, notable for her association with the colonial settlement at Jamestown, married to Englishman John Rolfe d. 1617
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2nd (2022) Ash Wednesday, Christian holiday celebrating first day of Lent
3rd (2022) Losar (Tibetan New Year) begins
8th International Women’s Day sponsored by the U.N. honors the achievements of women
10th Tibetian uprising against Chinese occupation of Tibet began in 1959
13th Santa Lucia Day, festival of light and Christian holiday celebrated in Sweden and
around the world honoring the legend of Saint Lucia
13th Discovery of the planet Uranus by William Herschel in 1781
14th (2022) Commonwealth Day, celebrating the Commonwealth of Nation
14th Pi Day, the mathematical constant Pi (π), the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, has been celebrated widely since 1988
16th (2022) Purim begins, commerates salvation of the Jewish people in ancient Persia
18th (2022) Holi, Hindu Festival of Colors, begins, celebrates the beginning of spring
20th International Day of Happiness, founded by the United Nations in 2012
20th (2022) Vernal (Spring) Equinox, 08:33 AM PDT
21st (2022) Nowruz, Iranian and ancient Persian/Parsi festival marking the New Year,
originally the most holy of all Zoroastrian festivals
21st International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (United Nations)
28th Discovery of Pallas asteroid, one of the largest in the solar system in 1802
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April Anniversaries |
April Observances and Acknowledgements |
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1st William Harvey, English physician b.1578
1st Sergei Rachmaninoff, Russian composer, pianist, conductor b.1873
1st Wangari Maathai, Kenyan environmental political activist, 2004 Nobel Peace
Prize, founder of the Green Belt Movement, b.1940; d. Sept 25, 2011
2nd Charlemagne, German King of the Franks and Emperor
of the Holy Roman Empire b.742
2nd Hans Christian Andersen, Danish author, poet b.1805
3rd Washington Irving, American author, essayist, historian b.1783
4th Dorothea Dix, American mental health activist b. 1802
4th Mary Colter, American architect and designer b. 1869
4th Martin Luther King, Jr., African-American clergyman, civil rights
leader d.1968
5th Joseph Lister, English surgeon b.1827
5th Booker T. Washington, African-American educator, orator,
author b.1856
6th Raphael, Italian High Renaissance painter, architect b.1483 (or Mar 28)
7th William Wordsworth, English Romantic poet b.1770
8th Hugo von Mohl, German botanist b.1805
9th Charles Baudelaire, French poet, critic, translator b.1821
9th Paul Robeson, African-American singer, actor, activist, lawyer b 1898
10th Hugo Grotius, Dutch jurist, playwright, poet b.1583
10th George William Russell, Irish nationalist, writer, editor b.1867
11th Kasturbai Gandhi, Indian activist and teacher b.1869
13th Thomas Jefferson, American political philosopher, Founding Father
and
3rd President of the U.S. b.1743
14th Christiaan Huygens, Dutch mathematician, astronomer, physicist,
horologist b.1629
14th Anne Sullivan, American teacher and companion of Helen Keller b.1866
14th Arnold J. Toynbee, British historian, author b.1889
14th Shri Ramana Maharshi, Indian sage of Arunacchula d.1950
15th Leonardo da Vinci, Italian artist, scientist, inventor b.1452
15th Guru Nanak, Indian founder of the Sikh religion b.1469
15th Leonhard Euler, Swiss mathematician, physicist b.1707
16th Anatole France, French poet, journalist, novelist, Nobel laureate
b.1844
16th Charlie Chaplin (Charles Spencer Chaplin), English actor, filmmaker b.1889
17th Thornton Wilder, American playwright, novelist b.1897
18/19th David Ricardo, British economist, member of Parliament b.1772
21st Peter Abelard, French philosopher, theologian, logician d.1142
21st John Muir, Scottish-American naturalist, author,
conservationist b.1838
21st Max Weber, German political economist, sociologist b.1864
22nd Immanuel Kant, German philosopher b.1724
22nd Vladimir Lenin, Russian revolutionary, politician b.1870
23rd William Shakespeare, English poet, playwright d.1616
23rd Max Planck, German physicist, Nobel laureate b.1858
23rd Edwin Markham, American poet b.1852
23rd Serge Prokofiev, Russian composer b.1891
23rd Miguel de Cervantes, Spanish author, playwright d.1616
24th Edmund Cartwright, English clergyman, inventor b.1743
25th Oliver Cromwell, English soldier, statesman b.1599
25th Guglielmo Marconi, Italian inventor, electrical engineer, Nobel Prize in
Physics in 1990 b.1874
26th Marcus Aurelius, Roman Emperor, philosopher b.121
26th David Hume, Scottish philosopher, economist, historian b.1711
26th John James Audubon, French-American ornithologist, naturalist,
painter b.1785
27th Edward Gibbon, English historian, member of Parliament b.1737
27th Mary Wollstonecraft, British writer, philosopher, advocate of women's
rights b.1759
27th Samuel F. B. Morse, American painter, inventor b.1791
27th Herbert Spencer, English philosopher, political theorist b.1820
28th Kurt Gödel, Austrian-American logician, mathematician,
philosopher b.1906
29th C. P. Cavafy, Greek poet, journalist b.1863 & d.1933
30th Carl Friedrich Gauss, German mathematician, scientist b.1777
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5th British Museum founded in 1753 to promote universal understanding
6th Expedition lead by American explorer Robert Perry reached the
geographical North Pole in 1909
7th U.N. World Health Day celebrated
8th International Day of the Roma, established in honor of the first World Romani Congress in 1971
10th (2022) Palm Sunday, first day of Christian Holy Week
10th (2022) Ram Navami commerates the birth of the Hindu deity Ram in India
12th Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin, first human in space and the
first to orbit the earth, both in 1961
13th Isra and Miraj, Muhammed's night journey and ascension to heaven
14th (2022) Mahavir Jayanti celebrated in India to honor the birth of Lord Mahavir, founder
of the Jain religion
15th (2022) Good Friday marks the crucifixion of Christ
16th (2022) Hanuman Jayanti celebrated in India to honor the birth of the Hindu god Hanuman
17th (2022) Easter, celebrates the resurrection of Jesus
20th Radium isolated as an element by Marie Curie in 1902, for which
she received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1911
22nd Earth Day official date; celebrated worldwide on various days
(50th anniversary in 2020)
24th Library of Congress established in the U.S. in 1800
25th Discovery of DNA structure by Watson & Crick in 1953
29th Discovery of the electron by J.J. Thompson in 1897
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May Anniversaries |
May Observances and Acknowledgements |
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2nd Satyajit Ray, Indian filmmaker b.1921
4th T. H. Huxley, English biologist b.1825
5th Elizabeth Cochran Seaman (Nellie Bly), American journalist b. 1864
5th Søren Kierkegaard, Danish philosopher, theologian b.1813
5th Karl Marx, German philosopher, historian, revolutionary b.1818
6th Sigmund Freud, Austrian psychiatrist b.1856
7th Rabindranath Tagore, Bengali poet, philosopher, musician, writer,
educator, Nobel Laureate b.1861
7th Robert Browning, English poet, playwright b.1812
7th Johannes Brahms, German musician, composer b.1833
8th Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, Russian mystic, co-founder of the
Theosophical Society d.1891
9th José Ortega y Gasset, Spanish humanist philosopher b.1883
12th Florence Nightingale, Italian nurse, writer, statistician b.1820
14th Robert Owen, Welsh social reformer, founder of socialism and the
cooperative movement b.1771
21st Albrecht Dürer, German printmaker, painter b.1471
21st Mary Anning, English paleontologist, fossil collector, b.1799
22nd Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Indian religious and educational reformer b.1772
23rd Carolus Linnaeus, Swedish botanist, physician, zoologist b.1707
23rd Franz Anton Mesmer, German physician, astrologist b.1734
25th Ralph Waldo Emerson, American essayist, philosopher b.1803
27th Jawaharlal Nehru, Indian political leader, first Prime Minister
of India serving from 1947-1964 d.1964
27th Rachel Carson, American environmentalist, scientist, author b.1907
30th Joan of Arc, French heroine, Catholic saint d.1431
31st Walt Whitman, American poet, essayist, journalist b.1819
31st Huston Smith, American poet, essayist, journalist b.1919
31st Tintoretto, Italian paintert d.1594
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1st May Day celebrates the ancient Druid new year
1st International Workers' Day (Labor Day) celebrated in many countrie
8th (2022) Mother’s Day celebrated in the U.S.; celebrated in other countries as well
11th Diamond Sutra, world's oldest known printed book, printed in 868
15th International Day of Families observed annually worldwide
16th Mexican Independence Day commemorates the day Mexico declared
its independence from Spain in 1810
16th Ramadan begins, commorates first revelation of the Quran to Muhammad
1
6th (2022) Buddha Purnima (Vesak) observed in India and worldwide to
honor the birth, enlightenment and death of the Buddha
17th Brown vs Board of Education, landmark ruling by the U.S. Supreme
Court regarding segregation, first announced in 1954
20th David Livingstone crossed Africa coast to coast in1856
20th Charles Lindbergh begins the first solo, non-stop, transalantic
flight from New York to Paris in 1927
24th First telegraph message sent by Samuel Morse in 1844
25th Africa Day celebrates unity ans freedom from foreign domination
29th Fall of Constantinople to Ottoman Turks in 1453
30th
(2022) Memorial Day in the U.S. honors men and women who
died in military service
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June Anniversaries |
June Observances and Acknowledgements |
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5th John Maynard Keynes, British economist b.1883
5th Adam Smith, Scottish economist, moral philosopher, author b.1723 (baptized)
6th Thomas Mann, German novelist, social critic, Nobel laureate b.1875
6th Alexander Pushkin, Russian author, poet b.1799
6th Johann Müller von Königsberg (Regiomontanus), German mathematician,
astronomer, astrologer b.1436
7th Paul Gauguin, French Post-Impressionist painter (quote) b.1848
8th Thomas Paine, British pamphleteer, revolutionary, inventor,
Founding Father of the U.S. d.1809
8th Frank Lloyd Wright, American architect, writer, educator b.1867
9th Bertha von Suttner, Austrian novelist, pacifist, Nobel laureate b.1843
10th Sir Edwin Arnold, English poet, journalist b.1832
11th John Constable, English Romantic painter b.1776
14th Harriet Beecher Stowe, American abolitionist, author b.1832
17th William Crookes, English chemist, physicist b.1832
19th Blaise Pascal, French mathematician, physicist, religious
philosopher b.1623
23rd Giambattista Vico, Italian philosopher, rhetorician, historian
jurist b.1668
23rd Alan M. Turing, British computer scientist, mathematician,
logician, cryptanalyst b.1912
24th John of the Cross, Spanish mystic, Carmelite friar,
Catholic reformer b.1542
26th Lord Kelvin, Irish-born mathematical physicist, engineer b.1824
26th Pearl S. Buck, American scholar and novelist of China,
Nobel laureate b.1892
27th Helen Keller, American author, political activist, lecturer b.1880
28th Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Swiss philosopher, writer b.1712
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2nd Ascent of Mt. Everest by Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay
announced in 1953
4th (2022) Shavout begins, ancient agricultural festival, coinsides with the day God gave the
Torah to the nation of Israel at Mt. Sinai5th World Environment Day established by the U.N. in 1972
11th Kamehameha Day, honors King Kahehameha I who first unified Hawai'i
15th Magna Carta signed in 1215, one of the world's most significant
legal documents, leading to the rule of constitutional law in the English
speaking world
16th International Day of the African Child sponsored by UNICEF
16th International Court of Justice (World Court) established by the
U.N. in The Hague, Netherlands in 1945
16th Soviet Cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova became the first woman in
space in 1963.
19th Juneteenth, originally established in Galveston, Texas in 1866 as National Independence Day, to
commerate the emancipation of enslaved African Americans in the United States. On June 17th, 2021 Juneteenth was made a federal holiday in the .U.S. It is also celebrated by the Mascogos, descendants of Black Seminoles who escaped from U.S. slavery in 1852 and settled in Coahuilla, Mexico.
19th (2022) Father's Day celebrated in the U.S.A; also in many other countries
20th Great Seal of the United States adopted in 1782
20th World Refugee Day, set forth by the United Nations in 2000
21th (2022) Summer Solstice, 02:14 PM PDT
24th Inti Raymi, Incan Sun Festival celebrated in Peru
26th United Nations (U.N.) formally founded in 1945
30th Special Theory of Relativity propounded in 1905 by Albert Einstein
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July Anniversaries |
July Observances and Acknowledgements |
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1st Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz, German philosopher,
mathematician b.1646
2nd Hermann Hesse, German-Swiss poet, novelist, painter,
Nobel laureate b.1877
3rd Franz Kafka, Austro-Hungarian novelist b.1883
4th Nathaniel Hawthorne, American novelist, short story writer b.1804
4th Edmonia Lewis, first African American and Native American sculptor to earn
international recognition for her art (b. July 4,1844 – d. September 17, 1907)
6th John (Jan) Huss, Czech religious thinker, philosopher,
reformer d.1415
6th Frida Kahlo de Rivera, Mexican painter b.July 6,1907, d. July 13, 1954
6th Tenzin Gyatso, Tibetan spiritual and political leader, XIVth Dalai
Lama of Tibet b.1935
9th Peter Paul Rubens, Flemish Baroque painter b.1577
10th William the Silent, Prince of Orange, Dutch statesman,
founder of the Dutch Republic d.1584
10th Sir William Blackstone, English jurist, professor b.1723
11th John Quincy Adams, American diplomat, 6th U.S. President b.1767
12th Henry David Thoreau, American author, poet,
transcendentalist b.1817
12th Malala Yousafzai, Pakistani human rights advocate, youngest Nobel
laureate b.1997
13th Julius Caesar, Roman military and political leader
and ruler b.102/100 B.C.E.
14th/24th Isaac Bashevis Singer, Polish-born American author, Nobel
laureate b.1904
15th Rembrandt van Rijn, Dutch painter, printmaker b.1606
15th Thomas Bulfinch, American writer, mythologist b.1796
15th Iris Murdoch, Irish and British novelist and philosophert b.1919 d. 2/8/1999
16th Ida B. Wells, African American journalist,educator, civil rights leader b.1862
16th/17th Jean Baptiste Corot, French painter, printmaker b.1796
18th Robert Hooke, English natural philosopher, polymath b.1635
18th Nelson Mandela, South African former President and activist b.1918
19th Edgar Degas, French painter, sculptor, printmaker b.1834
20th Francesco Petrarch, Italian scholar, poet, Father of Humanism b.1304
20th/22nd Gregor Mendel, Austrian Augustinian priest, scientist b.1822
24th Simón Bolívar, Venezuelan military general, political leader b.1783
25th Thomas å Kempis, German Catholic monk, mystic, author d.1471
26th George Bernard Shaw, Irish playwright, Nobel laureate b.1856
26th Carl Jung, Swiss psychiatrist b.1875
26th Aldous Huxley, English writer, essayist b.1894
28th Jean de la Fontaine, French poet, fabulist b.1621
29th Dag Hammarskjöld, Swedish diplomat, Secretary-General
of the U.N. (quote) b.1905
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4th Independence Day in the U.S., celebrates the adoption in 1776 of the
Declaration of Independence
5th Discovery of radio waves coming from the Milky Way galaxy
announced in 1939
7th (2022) Hajj, the annual pilgrimage to Mecca, the largest annual pilgrimage in the
world and the fifth pillar of Islam, begins
11th Breakthough in the understanding of infinitesimal calculus by
Leibniz in 1675
13th (2022) Guru Purnima observed, Hindu day to honor one's spiritual teachers
14th Storming of the Bastille, marking the beginning of the French Revolution
in 1789, is celebrated annually as Bastille Day
15th Spanish Inquisition abolished in Spain by royal decree in 1834
15th First photograph of solar flares by George Ellory Hale in 1892
16th First atomic bomb tested at Los Alamos, New Mexico, U.S. in 1945
16th/17th First photograph of a star taken by William Bond in 1850
18th Nelson Mandela International Day celebrated
20th Apollo 11 astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin were the
first human beings to step onto the moon's surface in 1969
20th First successful landing of a space vehicle on Mars in 1972
26th Americans with Disabilities Act passed in 1990
30th Society of Freemasons opened an American lodge in Boston in 1733
• Breakthrough in the foundation of quantum mechanics theory by Werner
Heisenberg in 1925
• First Olympic Games staged in 776 B.C.E.
• First world atlas, attributed to Claudius Ptolemy, was printed in 1477
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August Anniversaries |
August Observances and Acknowledgements |
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1st Herman Melville, American author, poet b.1819 (quote)
4th Percy Bysshe Shelley, English Romantic poet b.1792
4th Knut Hamsun (Pedersen), Norwegian author, Nobel laureate b.1859
4th Louis Armstrong, African-American jazz trumpeter, singer b.1901
5th or 6th Alfred, Lord Tennyson, English Poet Laureate of the United
Kingdom b.1809
6th Alexander Fleming, Scottish biologist, pharmacologist,
Nobel laureate b.1881
9th Amedeo Avogadro, Italian physicist, mathematician,
educator b.1776
12th H.P. Blavatsky, Russian author, co-founder of the Theosophical
Society b.1831
12th Erwin Schrödinger, Austrian theoretical physicist, Nobel
laureate b.1887
15th Shri Aurobindo Ghose, Indian nationalist, poet, philosopher
spiritual teacher b.1872
17th Pierre de Fermat, French lawyer, mathematician b.1601
23rd Georges Cuvier, French naturalist, zoologist b.1769
24th Paracelsus, Swiss alchemist, physician d.1541 24th William Wilberforce, British politician, philanthropist,
abolitionist b.1759
24th Jorge Luis Borges, Argentine writer, poet, essayist b. 1899
26th Antoine Laurent Lavoisier, French chemist, biologist, father
of modern chemistry b.1743
27th Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, German philosopher b.1770
27th Giuseppe Peano, Italian mathematician b.1858
28th Johann Wolfgang von Goëthe, German writer, playwright b.1749
29th John Locke, British philosopher b.1632
29th Maurice Maeterlinck, Belgian playwright, poet, essayist, Nobel
laureate b.1862
30th Ernest Rutherford, New Zealand chemist, Nobel laureate b.1871
30th Mary Shelley, British novelist, writer b.1797
31st Maria Montessori, Italian educator, physician, first woman in Italy
to receive a medical degree b.1870
31st John Bunyan, English Christian writer, preacher d.1688
31st Hermann von Helmholtz, German physician, physicist b.1821
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2nd Ratification of the U.S. Declaration of Independence begins in 1776
2nd First underground subway opens in London in 1870
3rd Jesse Owen wins four gold metals in the 1936 Olympic Games in Nazi Germany
6th Atomic bomb dropped by the U.S. on Hiroshima, Japan in 1945
8th Gandhi launched his "Quit India" movement in 1942 to gain independence
from British rule
9th UN International Day of the World's Indigenous People celebrated
10th (2022) Muharrum or Al-Hijra, the Islamic New Year Festival begins
12th International Youth Day declared by the United Nations in 199
12th/18th Discovery of the two moons of Mars by Asaph Hall in 1877
15th India's Independence Day celebrated commemorating independence
from British rule and birth as a sovereign nation, both in 1947
19th (2022) Krishna Janmashtami, birth of Lord Krishna, Hinduism's most venerated god
21st (2022) Khordad Sa celebrates the birth of the prophet Zarathushtra (Zoroaster)
26th Women's Equality Day commemorates the day women in the U.S.
gained the right to vote in 1920
27th The Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen adopted
by France's National Assembly in 1789
28th William Herschel first used his newly completed astronomical reflecting
telescope in 1789
29th Discovery of electromagnetic induction by Michael Faraday in 1831
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September Anniversaries |
September Observances and Acknowledgements |
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6th Jane Addams, American progressive reformer, one of the founders
of the U.S. Settlement House movement, Nobel Laureate b.1860
7th Queen Elizabeth I, Queen of England and Ireland b.1533
9th Luigi Galvani, Italian physician, physicist b.1737
9th Leo Tolstoy, Russian author, essayist b.1828
11th Vinoba Bhave, Indian scholar, social reformer, writer b.1895
14th Dante Alighieri, Italian poet d.1321
18th Samuel Johnson, British author b.1709
21st Kwame Nkrumah, African politician, leader of Ghana b.1909
22nd Michael Faraday, British physicist, chemist b.1791
25th Dmitri Shostakovich, Russian composer b.1906
26th T.S. Eliot, British poet, playwright, Nobel laureate b.1888
29th Miguel de Unamuno, Spanish novelist, playwright,
philosopher b.1864
29th Enrico Fermi, Italian physicist, Nobel laureate b.1901
30th Jalal al-din Rumi, Persian mystic, poet b.1207
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2nd Adoption of the Gregorian calendar by England in 1752
3rd French Civil Code renamed Code Napoléon in 1807
6th Mayflower leaves England carrying English Separatists to America in 1620
5th (2022) Labor Day celebrated in the U.S., established in 1882 to honor work
8th International Literacy Day established by the U.N. in 1965 and celebrated annually
16th Mexican Independence Day celebrates Mexico's independence from Spain
17th Constitution Day celebrates the final draft of the U.S. Constitution which was approved
for submission to the States by the Constitutional Congress in 1787
21st International Day of Peace established by the U.N. in 1981
22nd Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation in 1862
declaring the freedom of American slaves in the Confederate states
23rd (2022) Autumnal Equinox, 6:03 PM PDT
23rd Planet Neptune discovered by the German astronomer Galleo in 1846
25th Sandra Day O'Conner became the first women appointed to the
U.S. Supreme Court, 1981
25th (2022) Rosh Hashanah begins; Jewish new year and beginning of High Holy Days
30th First astrophotograph of the Orion Nebula taken in 1880
31st (2022) Ganesh or Vinayaka Chaturthi begins; in honor of the Hindu god, Lord Ganesha
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October Anniversaries |
October Observances and Acknowledgements |
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2nd Mohandas K. Gandhi, Indian political and spiritual leader b.1869
3rd St. Francis of Assisi, Italian Christian saint, founder of the
Franciscan Order d.1226
5th Denis Diderot, French enlightenment philosopher, writer b.1713
6th Richard Dedekind, German mathematician b.1831
6th Le Corbusier (Charles-Édouard Jeanneret-Gris), Swiss-French
architect, designer, urban planner b.1887
7th Neils Bohr, Danish physicist, Nobel Prize laureate b.1885
9th Camille Saint-Saens, French composer, conductor, musician b.1835
9th John Lennon, British musician, singer-songwriter b.1940
10th Henry Cavendish, British scientist b.1731
11th Eleanor Roosevelt, social reformer, wife of 32nd U.S. President
Franklin D. Roosevelt b.1884
14th William Penn, British Quaker community leader, founder of
the Province of Pennsylvania b.1644
15th Virgil, Roman classical poet b.70 BCE
15th Friedrich Nietzche, German philosopher b.1844
15th Evangelista Torricelli, Italian physicist, mathematician b.1608
16th Noah Webster, American lexicographer, author b.1758
17th Frederic Chopin, Polish composer, pianist d.1849
18th Henri Bergson, French philosopher, Nobel laureate b.1859
19th Marsilio Ficino, Italian humanist philosopher, physician b.1433
20th Sir Christopher Wren, English architect, urban planner b.1632
21st Samuel Taylor Coleridge, English poet b.1772
24th Antonie Philips van Leeuwenhoek, Dutch scientist, tradesman b.1632
25th Johann Strauss, Austrian musician, composer b.1825
26th Alfred the Great, English king, reformer d.899
27th Nicolo Paganini, Italian violinist, composer b.1782
27/28th Desiderius Erasmus, Dutch theologian, humanist b.1466/1469
30th Paul Valery, French poet, essayist, philosopher b.1871
29th/31st John Keats, English Romantic poet b.1795
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1st Yosemite National Park formed in the US in 1890 and later designated
a World Heritage Site
4th Sputnik 1, first Earth-orbiting satellite, entered into orbit around the Earth in 1957
4th Saint Francis Day honors the Christian mystic and saint
4th (2022) Yom Kippur, the Jewish Day of Atonement begins
10th (2022) Indigenous Peoples' Day, celebrated
in place of Columbus Day in many cities and states in the U.S.A.
13th Earliest known record of a solar eclipse made by the Chinese in 2128 B.C.E.
16th World Food Day first celebrated in 1981 to increase awareness and
take ation to alleviate worldwide hunger
21st Table of Atomic Weights first presented by John Dalton in 1803
21st Speed of light officially included in the International System of Units in 1983
22nd Electric light bulb successfully tested by Thomas Edison in 1879
24th United Nations Day
31st Reformation Day observed, a religious holiday celebrated by some
Protestant Christian traditions in rememberance of the the work of
Martin Luther in the 16th c. to reform the Roman Catholic Church
31st All Hallows' Eve (Halloween) celebrated as an evening of revelry the
night before All Saints' Day; an ancient Celtic observance
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November Anniversaries |
November Observances and Acknowledgements |
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2nd George Boole, British mathematician, logician (quote) b.1815
3rd Vilhjálmur Stefánsson, Icelandic explorer b.1879
4th Will Rogers, Cherokee-American humorist, actor (quote) b.1879
7th Marie Curie, Polish physicist, chemist, twice Nobel laureate b.1867
8th John D. Scotus, Irish theologian, philosopher d.1308
8th Edmond Halley, English astronomer, mathematician,
discoverer of Halley's Comet b.1656
10th Martin Luther, German monk, theologian, reformer b.1483
10th Johann Schiller, German poet, dramatist, philosopher b.1759
11th Fyodor Dostoevsky, Russian novelist (quote) b.1821
11th Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad, Muslim scholar, political activist,
co-worker with Gandhi in the movement for Indian independence b.1888
12th Elizabeth Cady Stanton, American social activist b.1815
12th August Rodin, French sculptor b.1840
14th Charles Lyell, Scottish geologist b.1797
14th Jawaharlal Nehru, Indian statesman, first Prime Minister
of India b.1889
15th William Herschel, German-born British astronomer b.1738
17th Catherine the Great, Russian, Empress of Russia d.1796
17th Jacob Boehme, German Christian mystic, theologian d.1624
20th Edwin Hubble, American scientist, astronomer; showed other galaxies
existed, helped prove the universe is expanding b.1889; d. Sept. 28, 1953
24th Benedict Spinoza, Dutch philosopher b.1632
26th Sojourner Truth, African- American former slave, speaker on civil rights and
abolition of slavery b.1797; d. November 26, 1883
28th William Blake, English poet, painter, mystic b.1757
28th Friedrich Engels, German social scientist, philosopher b.1820
30th Mark Twain (Samuel Clemens), American humorist, author b.1835
30th Jonathan Swift, Anglo-Irish author, cleric b.1667
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1st All Saints’ Day, a religious holiday honoring Christian saints
1st Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel paintings first exhibited to the public in 1512
1st Dia de los Muertos celebrated in Mexico, Spain, Brazil and other
countries as a day for honoring the dead
2nd All Soul's Day, a religious holiday honoring the dead in many western churches
4th Egyptian King Tutankhamen's tomb discovered in 1922
8th X-rays discovered by Wilhelm Roentgen in 1895
8th Louvre Museum opened to the public in Paris in 1793
9th Fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989
10th Analytic geometry introduced by René Descartes in 1637
16th International Day of Tolerance first declared by UNESCO in 1995
17th 14th Dalai Lama enthroned in 1950 at age 15 as Tibet's head of state
17th Suez Canal opened in 1869 connecting the Mediterranean and the
Indian Ocean
19th (2021) Guru Nanak Jayanti celebrates the birth of the founder of Sikhism in India
19th Gettysburg Address delivered in 1863 by Abraham Lincoln, the 16th
U.S. President
20th Universal Childrens' Day (UN) first adopted in 1954
24th Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species published in 1859
24th (2022) Diwali (Deepavali), Hindu, Sikh and Jain Festival of Lights in North India
24th (2022) Thanksgiving Day celebrated in the USA
28th Royal Society first met in London, England, in 1660
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December Anniversaries |
December Observances and Acknowledgements |
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1st Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky, Russian mathematician b.1792
1st Black Elk (Heháka Sápa) , holy man of the Oglala Lakota (Sioux) b. 1863
4th Thomas Carlyle, Scottish historian, essayist b.1795
4th Rainer Maria Rilke, German poet (quote) b.1875
5th Wassily Kandinsky, Russian painter, art theorist, teacher b.1866
5th Nelson Mandela, S. African anti-apartheid revolutionary, President of
South Africa 1994-1999, Nobel laureate d.2013
5th Werner Heisenberg, German physicist, Nobel laureate b.1901
7th Giovanni Bernini, Italian sculptor, architect b.1598
8th Horace, Roman poet b.65 BCE
9th John Milton, English poet b.1608
10th William Lloyd Garrison, American abolitionist, editor b.1805
10th Ada Byron, Countess of Lovelace, English mathematician, writer b. 1815
10th Emily Dickinson, American poet b.1830
14th Nostradamus, French seer, apothecary, healer b.1503
15th Antoine Henri Becquerel, French, physicist, Nobel laureate b.1852
16th/17th Ludwig van Beethoven, German composer, pianist b.1770
16th Margaret Mead, American cultural anthropologist b.1901
15th/16th Jan Vermeer, Dutch Baroque painter d.1675
17th Sir Humphrey Davy, British chemist, inventor b.1778
18th J. J. Thomson, British physicist, Nobel laureate b.1856
18th Francis Thompson, English poet b.1859
19th Albert A. Michelson, American physicist, Nobel laureate b.1852
20th/22nd Sacagawea, Native American (Shoshone) guide,
interpreter for Lewin and Clark b. 1787, d. Dec 20/22, 1812 or 1854
22nd Srinivasa Ramanujan, Indian self-taught mathematical genius b.1887
22nd Guru Gobindh Singh, Indian 10th Guru of Sikhism b.1666 (Julian), (celebrated most often on Jan 5)
24th James Prescott Joule, English physicist b.1818
24th Matthew Arnold, English poet, cultural critic, essayist b.1822
25th Anwar al-Sadat, Egyptian statesman, President of Egypt b.1918
26th Thomas Gray, English poet, classical scholar b.1716
26th Charles Babbage, English mathematician, philosopher,
inventor b.1791
27th Johannes Kepler, German mathematician, astronomer b.1571
27th Louis Pasteur, French chemist, microbiologist b.1822
30th Sri Ramana Maharshi, Indian teacher, sage b.1879
31st John Wycliffe, English theologian, translator, reformist d.1384
31st "Odetta" Holmes, African-American singer, activist b.1930
31st John Flamsteed, English astronomer d.1719 |
1st First Nobel Prize given to an American was for Peace and went to
Theodore Roosevelt in 1906
2nd First controlled nuclear chain reaction begun by Enrico Fermi at the
University of Chicago in 1942
3rd Planet Uranus discovered by John Flamsteed in 1714
6th Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution abolishing slavery
ratified by U.S. Congress in 1865
10th Human Rights Day marks the anniversary of the adoption of the U.N.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948
14th Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen reached South Pole 1911
15th Bill of Rights becomes part of the United States Constitution in 1791
providing protection for the basic rights of the individual to free
expression and justice
17th First airplane flight by Wilbur and Orville Wright 1903
18th House of Lords in England confirmed abolition of capital punishment for
murder 1969
18th (2022) Hanukkah, the Jewish Festival of Lights, begins
19th First Gypsy Congress, Sofia, Bulgaria 1905
21st English Pilgrims landed at Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1620
21st (2022) Winter Solstice, 01:48 AM PST
24th First extended radio audio broadcast of the human voice was
transmitted through the air in 1906
25th Christmas Day traditionally celebrated as the day of the birth of Christ
26th Kwanzaa, beginning of a week-long honoring of African culture and tradition
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Undated Anniversaries |
Undated Observances and Acknowledgements |
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Menes, Egyptian first pharaoh of First Dynasty 3100 - 2850 B.C.E.
Zarathustra (Zoroaster), Persian prophet, religious poet, founder
of Zoroasterianism around 1200-1500 B.C.E.
Lao Tzu, Chinese philosopher born around 605 B.CE..; died around 531 B.C.E.
Confucius, Chinese thinker, social philosopher b. 551 B.C.E; d. 479 B.C.E
Thales, Greek pre-Socratic philosopher died 546 B.C.E.
Pythagoras, Ionian Greek mathematician, mystic, scientis, born around 570 B.C.E.
Euripides, Greek playwright b. around 480 B.C.E.
Socrates, Greek philosopher b.470/469 B.C.E., d. 399 B.C.E.
Plato, Greek philosopher, mathematician b.428/427 B.C.E. .
Ashoka, Indian emperor b.304 B.C.E.
Emperor Julian, Roman Emperor b.331 B.C.E.
Philo Judaeus, Greek Jewish philosopher born around 20 B.C.E.
Tsong-Kha-Pa, Tibetan Buddhist Master, teacher b.135
Plotinus, Greek philosopher, founder of Neoplatonism born around 204/205 Porphyry, Phoenician Neoplatonist philosopher born around 233/234
Apollonius of Tyana, Greek philosopher born around the year 15
Ammonius Saccas, Greek Neoplatonic philosopher, born around 175 or 204
Mohammed, Islamic religious leader, founder, born around 570
Averroës, Andalusian Islamic religious philosopher, physician b.1126
Albertus Magnus, German philosopher, theologian b.1193
Marco Polo, Italian world traveler, explorer, trader d.1324
Goswami Tulsidas, Indian philosopher, author b.16th or 17th century
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First ancient Olympic Games held in ancient Greece in 776 B.C.E.
First printed almanac published by Gutenberg in 1457
Gutenberg Bible printed in Germany in the 1450's
First observation of micro-organisims made by Antony van Leeuwenhoek
in Delft, Holland in 1676
Cherokee Indians forcibly moved from their homelands to
reservations in 1838 in what was to become known as the Trail of Tears
Cosmic rays dscovered by Victor Hess in 1912
Discovery of insulin announced by Banting and Best in 1921
Abu Simbel Temples in Egypt restored in the 1960s
Discovery of radioactivity by Henri Becquerel in 1896
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